Noticias e Investigación

arXiv:2605.24396v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Long chains of thought (CoT) from current language models frequently contain logical gaps and unjustified leaps, limiting the gains from additional test-time compute. Improving reasoning quality directly would require process reward models, but the step-level annotations needed to train them are expensive and scarce. We find such a signal in how the model's confidence evolves during reasoning: premature confidence, the tendency to commit to an answer early and use the remaining tokens to rationalize it, strongly predicts flawed reasoning across tasks and model scales. We exploit this in progressive confidence shaping, a reinforcement learning objective that trains models to update their confidence as they reason rather than commit early -- rewarding gradual confidence growth and penalizing early commitment, with no external labels or reward models. The method improves accuracy and reasoning quality from 1.5B to 8B parameters across arithm

arXiv:2605.25344v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are dominated by dense linear transformations, whose storage, memory and computational overheads hinder efficient adaptation and deployment while masking the functional impacts of structural simplification. Here we present Tensor Mixture (MixT), a general tensor-structured compression scheme that replaces targeted dense linear layers with natively executable mixtures of tensor operators. Operating directly on generic linear projections instead of model-specific components, MixT is potentially applicable across Transformer-based LLMs and other dense neural mappings. We evaluate MixT on Qwen3-8B and LLaMA2-7B under a unified recovery protocol, identifying a broad compressible regime in which MMLU accuracy is largely preserved before an abrupt transition at model-specific boundaries. This transition coincides with coordinated shifts in output entropy, prediction entropy and inter-layer geometry. At the LLaMA2-7

arXiv:2605.24953v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Industrial asset operations and maintenance question answering is inherently multi-turn, iterative, and highly dependent on external tool invocation. However, the conventional plan-execute single-agent architecture exhibits clear limitations in maintaining cross-turn context, and reusing intermediate results. In this paper, we present a multi-turn dialog system designed for industrial scenarios based on a supervisor-specialist multi-agent architecture. To alleviate tool invocation bottlenecks, the system incorporates structured artifact reuse, dynamic replanning, and parallel tool execution. Evaluation results show that our system achieves better response quality compared with the baseline, with planning effectiveness increasing by 54.5% and task completion improving by 37.8%. System profiling further shows that cross-turn artifact reuse effectively reduces redundant tool invocation, decreasing the tool-time share from 47.3% to 26.3% and

arXiv:2605.10302v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Existing approaches to controllable generation typically rely on fine-tuning, auxiliary networks, or test-time search. We show that flow matching admits a different control interface: adaptation through examples. For deterministic interpolants, the velocity field is solely governed by a conditional endpoint mean; shifting this mean shifts the flow itself. This yields a simple principle for controllable generation: steer a pretrained model by changing the reference set it follows. We instantiate this idea in two forms. Reference-Mean Guidance is training-free: it computes a closed-form endpoint-mean correction from a reference bank and applies it to a frozen FLUX.2-klein (4B) model, enabling control of color, identity, style, and structure while keeping the prompt, seed, and weights fixed. Semi-Parametric Guidance amortizes the same idea through an explicit mean anchor and learned residual refiner, matching unconditional DiT-B/4 qualit

arXiv:2605.24742v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Obtaining consistent explanations for machine learning on molecular graphs requires predictions and attributions to be aligned with chemical identity. However, chemically equivalent drawings of the same molecule can induce different molecular representations, leading to inconsistent predictions and explanations. Here, we introduce InChIfied Invariants, a class of node, edge, and graph features based on the International Chemical Identifier (InChI) and designed to be invariant under transformations that preserve chemical identity. Using one million molecular graphs from PubChem Substances, we show that InChIfied Invariants produce identical representations for chemically equivalent graphs in 99.62% of cases, whereas standard Daylight invariants do so in only 0.35% of cases. Across MoleculeNet tasks, InChIfied Invariants preserve predictive performance while significantly improving prediction consistency across alternative graph depictions

arXiv:2511.03963v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We introduce a density-power weighted variant for the Stein operator, called the $\gamma$-Stein operator. This is a novel class of operators derived from the $\gamma$-divergence, designed to build robust inference methods for unnormalized probability models. The operator's construction (weighting by the model density raised to a positive power $\gamma$ inherently down-weights the influence of outliers, providing a principled mechanism for robustness. Applying this operator yields a robust generalization of score matching that retains the crucial property of being independent of the model's normalizing constant. We extend this framework to develop two key applications: the $\gamma$-kernelized Stein discrepancy for robust goodness-of-fit testing, and $\gamma$-Stein variational gradient descent for robust Bayesian posterior approximation. Empirical results on contaminated Gaussian and quartic potential models show our methods signi

arXiv:2601.21463v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Existing speech editing detection (SED) datasets are predominantly constructed using manual splicing or limited editing operations, resulting in restricted diversity and poor coverage of realistic editing scenarios. Meanwhile, current SED methods rely heavily on frame-level supervision to detect observable acoustic anomalies, which fundamentally limits their ability to handle deletion-type edits, where the manipulated content is entirely absent from the signal. To address these challenges, we present a unified framework that bridges speech editing detection and content localization through a generative formulation based on Audio Large Language Models (Audio LLMs). We first introduce AiEdit, https://huggingface.co/datasets/JunXueTech/AiEdit, a large-scale bilingual dataset (approximately 140 hours) that covers addition, deletion, and modification operations using state-of-the-art end-to-end speech editing systems, providing a mor

arXiv:2605.25091v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As modern air combat evolves toward beyond-visual-range (BVR) multi-aircraft cooperative engagements, autonomous decision-making for unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs) faces significant challenges due to high-dimensional state spaces, discrete action commands, and strongly adversarial dynamic environments. To overcome the limitations of existing multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods in such settings, namely insufficient exploration efficiency, low sample utilization, and poor policy generalization, we propose Adversarial Curriculum and Evolutionary-enhanced Multi-agent Proximal Policy Optimization (ACE-MAPPO), a hybrid learning framework that integrates evolutionary algorithms with MAPPO. Specifically, a genetic soft update mechanism is introduced to enhance population diversity and mitigate convergence to local optima. An evolutionary-augmented prioritized trajectory replay strategy is further employed to improve the uti

arXiv:2510.02171v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Music performance is a distinctly human activity, intrinsically linked to the performer's ability to convey, evoke, or express emotion. Machines cannot perform music in the human sense; they can produce, reproduce, execute, or synthesize music, but they lack the capacity for affective or emotional experience. As such, music performance is an ideal candidate through which to explore aspects of collaboration between humans and machines. In this paper, we introduce the witheFlow system, designed to enhance real-time music performance by automatically modulating audio effects based on features extracted from both biosignals and the audio itself. The system, currently in a proof-of-concept phase, is designed to be lightweight, able to run locally on a laptop, and is open-source given the availability of a compatible Digital Audio Workstation and sensors.

arXiv:2602.15811v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Clinical deployment of chest radiograph classifiers requires models that can be updated as new datasets become available without retraining on previously observed data or degrading validated performance. We study a task-incremental continual learning setting for chest radiograph classification under task-unknown inference, where heterogeneous chest X-ray datasets arrive sequentially and task identity is unavailable at deployment time. We propose CARL-CXR, a continual adapter-based routing framework that maintains a fixed high-capacity backbone while incrementally introducing lightweight task-specific adapters and classifier heads. A latent task selector operates on adapter-conditioned features to dynamically route each input to the most relevant task pathway, leveraging compact task prototypes and feature-level experience replay to preserve task identity across sequential updates without storing raw images. Experiments on MIMIC-

arXiv:2605.24763v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This work presents a high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and data-driven modeling framework for assembly-level flow characterization in a four-loop pressurized water reactor (PWR). A full lower-plenum and core-inlet domain was constructed using publicly available geometry and operating conditions, enabling transient simulations with pump-induced swirl boundary conditions. The results show that cold-leg swirl and lower-plenum transport generate strongly heterogeneous assembly-wise inlet flow distributions, particularly near the lower core region, while axial resistance and mixing progressively homogenize the flow at higher elevations. These physics-informed datasets were subsequently used to evaluate machine learning (ML) applications for partial field reconstruction and short-term autoregressive prediction. A 3D convolutional-based inpainting model successfully recon-structed missing assembly-level mass flow rates from partia

arXiv:2605.24549v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Efficiently updating Large Language Models (LLMs) with new or evolving factual knowledge remains a central challenge, as even parameter-efficient adaptation can erode previously acquired reasoning abilities. This tension reflects a plasticity-stability dilemma: models must incorporate new knowledge while preserving skill-critical representations. In this work, we study this trade-off through the spectral structure of multilayer perceptron weight matrices. We show, both theoretically and empirically, that information essential for reasoning is not localized only in dominant singular directions, but is instead distributed across the singular spectrum. Motivated by this observation, we introduce PALoRA, a two-stage framework for knowledge injection with reduced interference. PALoRA first trains a Singular Value Fine-Tuning (SVF) expert on a reasoning dataset and uses its learned singular scaling vector as a frozen geometric probe to identify

arXiv:2605.24818v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The literature on test set contamination largely focuses on detection, but the correction of contaminated test scores is underexplored. Our core proposal is to spike the training data by intentionally contaminating some test examples at known rates. The spiked examples can then be used to calibrate predictors of model memorization which enable principled statistical correction of inflated test scores. To evaluate different correction estimators, we first present a simulation framework based on the Hubble models. Hubble models come in minimal pairs, where the perturbed model was deliberately contaminated with several test sets, while the standard model was not, serving as the counterfactual and correction target. We consider estimators that use information from a memorization predictor, correctness predictor, or both. In simulation, we establish basic statistical intuitions and show that estimators leveraging memorization and correctness

arXiv:2605.24055v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Real-world time-series data in industrial sensing, healthcare, and energy systems is often corrupted by a mixture of Gaussian noise and occasional large-magnitude impulse outliers. For tasks that depend on local shape, such as ECG morphology analysis and battery degradation monitoring, the main requirement is not only low reconstruction error but also preservation of derivative peaks and task-critical features. We propose Cascade-KDE, a training-free restoration framework for corrupted time series. The method first estimates a two-dimensional temporal-amplitude density, then applies a Density-Truncated Robust Expectation to limit the influence of distant abnormal points, and finally refines the sequence through an exponential cascade with adaptive stopping. This design aims to improve robustness under out-of-distribution impulse corruptions while keeping the restored trajectory close to the original local structure. Across several bench

arXiv:2605.24428v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Stochastic process-based molecular graph generators have become the state of the art for template-free single-step retrosynthesis. However, these models are typically trained only on product-reactant pairs, thereby acquiring chemistry-relevant representations in an indirect and implicit manner. Meanwhile, recent advances in computer vision demonstrate that offering representation guidance to a generator can effectively distill semantics from pretrained encoders into DiTs, substantially improving both convergence and generation quality. Whether similar gains extend to the retrosynthesis task, and what graph-specific design choices can make them work, remains an open question. To address these questions, we conduct a systematic empirical study over a unified design space spanning teacher molecular representations, endpoint and granularity choices, injection depths in the denoiser, correspondence strategies and guidance scheme. Guided by the