News & Research

arXiv:2610.26169v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Humanoid manipulation requires reusable arm skills, yet demonstrating every possible skill combination is impractical. We present Humanoid Semantic Mixture-of-Experts Diffusion Policy (HS-MoDP), which composes separately demonstrated arm skills through independent semantic routing over a shared expert pool. This design preserves arm-specific skill control while sharing action-generation parameters across arms. A semantic scheduler integrates the learned policy with an existing locomotion controller through alternating manipulation and repositioning stages, extending the effective workspace and enabling skill reuse across location changes. To acquire demonstrations of whole-body contact manipulation, we develop G1Exo, an isomorphic exoskeleton that provides direct joint-level control of arm configurations. Experiments on a Unitree G1 show stronger skill composition than the baselines. G1Exo enables more reliable contact teleoperation than

arXiv:2610.26106v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present a complete, GPU-resident pipeline for multi-robot 3D inspection of underwater structures. Given a triangle mesh and a fleet of $K$ robots, each carrying a short-range, limited field-of-view camera, the pipeline computes 6-DOF trajectories that jointly cover a target fraction of the surface while minimizing a linearly interpolated makespan/total-cost objective. The joint problem is NP-hard, so we decompose it into five core stages - candidate viewpoint generation, visibility computation, set cover, min-max vehicle routing solved as a mixed integer program (MIP) with lifted Miller-Tucker-Zemlin subtour elimination, and priority-based multi-agent path finding with continuous-time inter-robot conflict checking - flanked by mesh loading and surface sampling as preprocessing and by trajectory smoothing as postprocessing. Our contributions are: an end-to-end GPU-accelerated integration of the five stages, with its kernel design docume

arXiv:2610.26043v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Physical interaction is a key capability for humanoid collaboration, requiring coordinated whole-body motion and precise contact. However, learning diverse dual-humanoid interactions faces two major challenges: (1) human-robot morphological differences disrupt contact interfaces and spatial relationships during retargeting, and (2) jointly learning motor skills and partner coordination makes it difficult to retain control fidelity as interaction diversity grows. In this paper, we propose OmniInteract to address these challenges through surface-aware modeling and scalable residual policy learning. First, we introduce Surface Contact-Aware Retargeting, which leverages dense human-robot surface correspondences to jointly retarget both humanoids, preserving explicit interaction contact interfaces and their near-field geometric context. Second, we propose a Scalable Flow-based Interaction Policy for partner-conditioned residual generation. It

arXiv:2610.26027v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Robotic systems with revolute joints evolve on circular state spaces, yet most control architectures represent these states using Euclidean variables that ignore this underlying geometry. We propose a fully spiking neural control architecture in which ring attractors encode joint states, enforcing representations consistent with the topology of revolute systems. Homeostatic regulation computes goal-state mismatch directly over these distributed representations, and opponent gain-modulated populations convert this mismatch into controlled phase shifts of the activity bump, implementing set-point regulation as motion on the ring. We show that the bump dynamics follow an SO(2) geometry, and that gain asymmetries induce a signed phase velocity on the ring. To interface distributed activity with scalar regulation signals, we derive an analytic Fourier phase decoder and implement its signed components using push-pull spiking populations. For mu

arXiv:2610.25988v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Learning inertial odometry for a new platform usually requires ground-truth trajectories. We show that an inertial odometry model can instead be trained from scratch by a myopic teacher that integrates the IMU over each short window independently, a scheme we call integration self-supervision.Interestingly, although supervised only by short-window velocity changes, the student learns to directly predict velocity, and does so more accurately than its integration teacher. Pose graph distillation then refines the model with sequence-consistent targets from a pose graph over many windows. Training on a new platform therefore no longer requires collecting ground-truth trajectories, but only calibrating the IMU and recording data during normal operation. Across six datasets spanning pedestrians, drones, quadrupeds, and a humanoid, the same recipe with no velocity or position labels trains models that come within $0.07$~m/s average velocity erro

arXiv:2610.25981v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Integrating force awareness into Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models involves not merely encoding wrench measurements as an additional modality, but determining when and how strongly physical interaction should influence robot action generation. Existing VLAs that use force typically inject it through a fixed pathway, without explicitly determining when it is relevant to the current action. This calls for an intermediate force relevance mechanism inside the VLA, in which visual-language context estimates the relevance of physical feedback to the current task before force enters the action pathway. FR-VLA addresses this gap with a Vision-Language Force-Reasoning Model that uses learnable force query tokens to derive a force admission signal grounded in visual-language context, and uses this signal to modulate an external tokenized force pathway for action generation. In real-world experiments on five contact-rich tasks across two robotic p

arXiv:2610.25967v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This article presents an analytical-DES benchmark for intra-aisle robotic picking in automated warehousing. The investigated cycle combines horizontal shuttle travel, tote handling and item picking at storage locations. Simulation results are compared with the analytical formulation of Lerher et al. under the same rack geometry, shuttle-motion, handling and picking conditions, and the same definitions of cycle time and derived item throughput. Reproducing the published analytical tables requires the distance interpretation dES = 1.5 m and dTB = 0 m. The analytical-DES benchmark comprises 180 scenarios formed from three rack lengths, two paired motion profiles and n = 1 to 30 visited picking locations, with ten simulation replications per scenario. The six n = 1 cases are reported separately because no travel-between component is present. Across the remaining 174 scenarios, the mean absolute relative cycle-time discrepancy is 0.8655%, the

arXiv:2610.25962v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Passive-wheel quadrupedal robots offer energy-efficient locomotion through leg-driven propulsion and momentum-driven gliding. However, navigation requires coordinating steering with intermittent propulsion and adapting push-glide timing to task demands. Velocity-tracking objectives may suppress the speed variations inherent in skating, discouraging efficient gliding. To address these challenges, we propose SkateNav, a unified skating-navigation framework based on reinforcement learning. A time-budgeted goal-reaching objective allows the policy to jointly learn steering, propulsion, and their temporal allocation. An adaptive skating cycle structures gliding, pushing, and recovery, while frequency modulation at every control step adjusts phase durations to navigation demands. Simulation experiments demonstrate higher average success rates and lower cost of transport than the evaluated planner-controller baselines, with ablations confirming

arXiv:2610.25961v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fast and reliable manipulation is crucial for practical robot deployment. Although Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently shown remarkable progress as generalist robot policies, their execution often remains temporally inefficient. A key source of this inefficiency is that policies learn fine-grained temporal patterns from teleoperated demonstrations, requiring many low-level action steps. Temporal action quantization offers a simple way to accelerate execution by aggregating consecutive low-level actions into temporally coarser actions. However, applying action quantization without considering when fine-grained control is required introduces a speed-accuracy trade-off: accelerated actions may efficiently reduce redundant steps in some phases, while discarding critical motion details in precision-sensitive interactions. To address this, we propose PaceVLA, a unified framework for adaptive temporal execution in VLAs that integra

arXiv:2610.25946v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Developing coordination policies for complex multi-agent systems relies on either labor-intensive algorithm design or opaque task-specific reinforcement learning. With recent advances in autonomous coding agents, we show that policy search directly in code space offers a compelling third path that combines automated optimization with explicit interpretability. We investigate a human-directed workflow in which coding agents iteratively propose, implement, evaluate, diagnose, and eventually refine algorithms guided by simulation feedback and explicit correctness verification. We conducted two case studies and found that this workflow robustly outperformed any manually engineered solutions. On a challenging map in the 2024 League of Robot Runners competition, a two-day search discovered a policy that exceeds the stronger locally reproduced competition entry by 35.0% on the densest instance and generalizes to unseen map instances. In simulate

arXiv:2610.25874v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Robotic manipulation is not merely observation-to-action generation, but the realization of task-specified state changes in the physical world. Existing vision-language-action (VLA) methods directly learn observation-to-action mappings, imposing a substantial learning burden due to the gap between semantic understanding and action execution. Although world-action models (WAMs) improve control through future prediction, modeling complete future states wastes capacity on static appearance and action-irrelevant changes. We propose Vision-Language-Delta-Action (VLDA), a paradigm that reformulates full future prediction as compact actionable transition modeling. Its core is a compact Delta variable that captures latent world-state changes, serving as an interface between vision-language understanding and action generation. VLDA learns Delta through a unified objective composed of the Local Transition Filter (LT-Filter) and Global Transition An

arXiv:2610.25869v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable recognition of mission-level UAV intent from multimodal observations is essential for low-altitude airspace surveillance and security. Existing multimodal UAV datasets primarily support detection, tracking, and localization, leaving limited support for evaluating mission-intent recognition across held-out trajectory programs and incomplete radar histories. We introduce AeroIntent, a simulation-based benchmark comprising 990 synchronized multimodal sequences generated by 22 trajectory programs across five mission intents. The benchmark provides radar, RGB, infrared, and depth observations, together with program-disjoint, radar-gap, and observation-prefix evaluation protocols. Building on this benchmark, we propose AeroMIR, a structured Multimodal Intent Reasoner that integrates radar trajectories, derived behavioral features, selected visual evidence, and task knowledge for candidate-based UAV intent recognition. Under a strict pr

arXiv:2610.25840v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Fine industrial robotic manipulation requires 6D pose, scale, and an operation-ready 3D model. Existing industrial pose estimation relies on CAD models, object-specific training data, or stable workcells, limiting use with unseen objects; zero-shot methods suffer from single-view occlusion, generative bias, and scale uncertainty. We present OV-PEAR, an observation-verified framework for 3D reconstruction and pose-scale estimation of unknown industrial objects. Its three-stage object-centric pipeline: (1) segments RGB-D instances and generates object-level 3D hypotheses; (2) anchors them to the robot frame via appearance-aware view retrieval, explicit scale search, and visibility-sensitive registration; (3) back-projects multi-view RGB-D evidence into the object-canonical frame to verify voxel occupancy, suppress hallucinations, and produce reusable trusted object models. On BOP-Industrial, OV-PEAR achieves 0.657 average AR and improves po

arXiv:2610.25785v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Despite recent advances in policy learning, long-horizon manipulation remains difficult because learned policies must avoid compounding errors while preserving future feasibility. While search-based planning can explicitly reason over such future consequences, it quickly becomes expensive in high-dimensional continuous action spaces. This raises a central question: how can long-horizon reasoning from search be transferred into policies in continuous action spaces? To this end, we propose DISCO: Distilled Tree Search over Continuous Actions. DISCO uses progressive-widening MCTS in physics simulation to generate long-horizon plans. During search, a learned policy proposes continuous actions, while a learned value function scores actions by their expected progress toward task completion. Using GPU-parallelized simulation, DISCO periodically distills MCTS-generated plans into the policy-value model, improving the action proposals and value es

arXiv:2610.25763v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Dynamic object manipulation requires robots to anticipate target motion while replanning fast enough to avoid executing outdated actions. Existing approaches either rely on fast reactive control without an explicit future target state or encode anticipated motion only implicitly. World Action Models (WAMs) offer a promising alternative by coupling future visual prediction with action generation, but scene-level video objectives may underrepresent target dynamics that are critical for manipulation, while iterative video-action denoising introduces substantial latency. We present TrajWAM, a trajectory-guided world action model for efficient dynamic robotic manipulation. Our key insight is to explicitly ground future visual imagination in predicted target-object motion and use the resulting future representation to condition action generation, while preserving this anticipation pathway after acceleration. Given a short history of object mask